- עצב
- עָצַב(b. h.) 1) to cut, form, shape. 2) (cmp. יָגָה a. יָגוֹן) to cut, grieve, pain. Pi. עִיצֵּב to shape, handle, esp. to straighten an infants body by manipulation. Sabb.XXII, 6 אין מְעַצְּבִין את הקטן you must not manipulate a child (on the Sabbath), expl. ib. 147b בחומרי שדרה straightening the vertebra (v. לְפַף). Tosef.Kel.B. Mets. II, 9 שהוא מְעַצֵּב עליהוכ׳ because he (the surgeon) manipulates children thereon. Hif. הֶעֱצִיב to grieve. Gen. R. s. 44 (ref. to Ps. 139:24) אם עתיד … (ו)להַעֲצִיבְךָוכ׳ if it be my destiny to rear children who are to grieve thee, it is better that thou shouldst lead me in the way of the world (death); (Yalk. Ps. 888 ולהכעיסך). Hithpa. הִתְעַצֵּב, Nithpa. נִתְעַצֵּב to be grieved, mourn. Snh.38b שמח בתורתו ונ׳ במיתתו he rejoiced over his (R. ‘Ăkibas) learning, and mourned over his death (predestined martyrdom).
Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature. Jastrow, Marcus. 1903.